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Extending Hotelling's location model into Agent-based domain
Vainer, Jan ; Kukačka, Jiří (advisor) ; Smutná, Šarlota (referee)
This thesis examines behaviour of adaptive agents in Hotelling's location model. We conduct an agent-based simulation in Hotelling's setting with two agents, where the agents use Nash-Q learning mechanism for adaptation. Traditional game-theoretic models often stand on strong assumptions imposed on players such as rationality and perfect information. We explore what alternations or re- finements of results this technique brings in comparison to the original analytical solution of the theoretical Hotelling's location model. We discover that under Nash-Q learning and quadratic consumer cost func- tion, agents with high enough valuation of future profits learn behaviour similar to aggressive market strategy, where both agents make similar products and lead a price war in order to eliminate their opponent from the market. This be- haviour closely resembles the Minimum differentiation principle from the original Hotelling's paper with linear consumer costs. This result is surprising because in our simulation, quadratic consumer cost functions are used, which should result in maximum differentiation of the products. Our results suggest that the Prin- ciple of minimum differentiation could be justified based on repeated interaction of the agents and long-run optimization. Additionally, suitability of...
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Agent-based Simulation of Processes in Medicine
Bošanský, Branislav
Process modelling has proven itself as a useful technique for capturing the work practice in companies. In this paper, we focus on its usage in the domain of medical care.We analyze the problem of the simulation of processes and present an approach based on agent-based simulations. We formally define an enhanced process language, the algorithm transforming these enhanced processes into the definition of agents’ behavior, and the architecture of the target multi-agent system simulating the modeled processes in some environment. The example of usage is given in the form of a critiquing expert system proposal that uses formalized medical guidelines as the knowledge base.
Fulltext: content.csg -  PDF
Plný tet: 0373337 - PDF
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Entropic Degeneration of Democracy
Bernat, Lukáš ; Pavlík, Ján (advisor) ; Šalamon, Tomáš (referee)
Democracy is always included in the discourse ?ver the theme of freedom and it is almost always considered an integral part of social order. In this context, it is a balance between freedom and power. Such discourses, however, view democracy as a political ideal and the real applications often run into democratic influences and social barriers of degenerative nature. These barriers leave nothing but the torso under the formal guise of democratic principles. This thesis unravels the influences and barriers that interfere with the application of the ideal of democracy. In this context, the technological development with which the dynamics of both social and political order changes, cannot be ignored. Based on the pieces of information about what kind of threat the degenerative effects of democracy represent, the thesis searches for such attributes, on the basis of which it is possible to construct a model of the entropic degeneration of democracy.
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